Signs
12 cards
A
- A-linesHorizontal, evenly spaced lines seen below the pleural line on lung ultrasound, produced by reverberation at the pleural surface.
- Air bronchogramsBranching air-filled bronchi seen as dark tubular shadows within opaque, airless lung on a chest radiograph.
B
- B-linesVertical lines that rise from the pleural line to the bottom of a lung ultrasound image, caused by fluid in the subpleural interstitium.
C
- Conjunctival injectionRedness of the white of the eye from dilated conjunctival vessels; in Kawasaki disease it affects both eyes and has no discharge.
P
- Pastia's linesAccentuation of the scarlet fever rash as dark red lines within the flexural skin creases of the elbows, armpits and groin.
- Periventricular hemorrhagic infarctionA venous infarction of the white matter beside the lateral ventricle that appears on cranial ultrasound as an echodense or cystic lesion, historically called grade IV intraventricular hemorrhage.
- Plus diseaseA retinal sign in retinopathy of prematurity in which the vessels of the posterior pole become abnormally tortuous and dilated, marking severe vascular activity.
- Pneumatosis intestinalisGas trapped within the wall of the bowel, seen on an abdominal radiograph, and a hallmark of necrotizing enterocolitis in a preterm infant.
S
- Strawberry tongueA red tongue with prominent papillae, first through a white or yellow coating and then over a bare red surface, seen in scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease and toxic shock syndrome.
- Sydenham's choreaAn autoimmune movement disorder after group A streptococcal pharyngitis, with involuntary purposeless movements appearing weeks to months later; a major Jones criterion of acute rheumatic fever.
- SynechiaeAdhesions that form inside the eye, usually between the iris and the lens, when inflammation such as uveitis persists.
W
- White lungA lung ultrasound appearance of confluent B-lines that merge and fill the field, hiding the normal horizontal A-lines, seen in severe lung disease.